Kharvas is rich in antioxidants and packed with proteins, vitamins and minerals. It boosts immunity and through the provision of antibodies. It is also easily digestible and good for gut health.
Exploring the Rich Tradition of Indian Colostrum Desserts: Kharvas, Junnu, and Their Health Benefits
India is a country of rich cultural heritage. Our heritage is carried forward in the art and culture and the food we consume. The Indian traditional food is considered a complete food, according to studies as it is sustainable, highly rich in nutrients and aids in immunity boosting. When the talk is about food, sweets and desserts are an invincible part. Milk and its associated products are one of the most functional traditional foods in the country. Bovine colostrum is the first milk of bovines that is traditionally consumed in various parts of the country. Ranging from east to west and north to south, it is consumed in the form of dessert cake or other processed forms.
Cow colostrumis believed to be highly beneficial for human health. It is the first fluid that is secreted by the birth mother and supplements a wide assortment of nutrients that are required for optimal growth of the infant along with promoting immunity building. It has been scientifically reported that before the discovery of penicillin, it was the common antibacterial used against infections. It is a powerhouse of nutrition that is accredited both nationally and globally. Studies have proven that this provides all the essential nutrients required for the growth, protection, nutrition and defense of the neonate. The concept is simple- when a neonate is born; it lacks its adaptive immunity; so this colostrum, high in antibodies, provides the necessary source of immunity to the calf, thus providing the required immunity for its defense. All the essential nutrients like proteins, vitamins, fats, minerals and other bioactive compounds are present in it. The vital role in the provision of antimicrobial activity and passive immunity is documented not only in the calves but in humans as well.
Although an interest of the Western countries in the application of colostral liquid boosted its popularity, it has been traditionally used and consumed in Indian households for centuries. Otherwise, what could have remained a simple medicinal food has been transformed into a savory Indian traditional sweet that is cherished and celebrated as a treat amongst the communities. Traditionally the colostral fluid was steamed or boiled, with or without condiments as a cake and consumed. However, with the advent of contemporary cooking styles, gradually cholesterol fluid was used to prepare various desserts like Kharvas in Maharashtra and Junnu in Telangana. These forms of colostrum puddings are reflections of the ingenuity of traditional Indian cuisine and the potential it harbors to convert simple and sustainable ingredients into gourmet delicacies. The creativity and inventiveness of the Indian cuisine have altered this nourishing and healing material into a gastronomic delight. Cow colostrum, some sweetener and some aromatic condiment- and it's ready!
Kharvas, Junnu, Ginnu, or Posu are the different regional names given to the same sweet made of the same ingredients. The name Kharvas is derived from the Marathi word ‘Kharv’ which means milk skin. This dish is offered to the deities as a symbol of gratitude and regard for prosperity by the community. This velvety, white dessert jiggles softly on the plate, exuding the subtle aroma of nutmeg and cardamom, making it a feast for both the eyes and the palate. This dessert is consumed in the Western countries. Kalvdans is a Swedish dessert that is similar to Kharvas made of Colostrum. The process of preparing this dessert is simple and each bite demonstrates traditional culinary richness packed with taste and health.
Integrity in Diversity: Cow Colostrum in various regions of India
| Region | Local name | Ingredients used | Color |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assam | Phenhu | Colostrum and sugar | Yellowish white |
| Maharashtra | Kharvas (Marathi) Posu (Konkani | Colostrum, sugar/jaggery, cardamom powder | White |
| Karnataka | Ginnu | Colostrum, regular milk, sugar/jaggery, cardamom powder, black pepper | White |
| Andhra Pradesh & Telangana | Junnu | Colostrum, regular milk, sugar/jaggery, cardamom powder, black pepper | White |
| Gujarat | Bari | Colostrum, sugar/jaggery, regular milk, cardamom powder | White |
| Rajasthan | Doodh Bali | Colostrum, sugar/jaggery, regular milk, cardamom powder, fennel seeds | White |
| Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh | Chik | Colostrum, sugar/jaggery, cardamom powder | White |
| Tamil Nadu | Simbu | Colostrum, sugar, cardamom, black pepper, dry ginger powder | Yellowish white |
Regional delicacies
Kharvas
Elegant and simple- Kharvas is the delight of Maharashtra. It is a cherished delicacy that is prepared with Cow Colostrum mixed in normal milk along with jaggery and a dash of nutmeg or cardamom. Kharvas is a cherished delicacy commonly prepared in households, markets and local sweet shops.
Along with its usage in festivals and special occasions, traditionally, Kharvas has also gained popularity as a street food. Its melt-in-the-mouth texture, unique taste and health benefits have transitioned it into a preferred snack on the go. Its resurgence in the urban areas has led to its improvisation in various forms with the addition of ingredients like saffron, chocolate, coffee, etc. Molded into interesting shapes and with the customization with different flavours it becomes more appealing to the crowd. The addition of these ingredients provides this otherwise traditional dessert with a modern twist and flavored Kharvas can be enjoyed. This delightful dessert is easily available despite the dearth of Colostrum in the city through the introduction of Colostrum powder in the market that gives the same authentic taste. Kharvas are not sweet only; they are a symbol of care and the bond we share with our ancestors and the epitome of grace rooted in our culture and traditions.
Junnu
Traditional Indian food uses the same ingredients but each region adds a uniqueness. Moving southwards in the Indian subcontinent, the first milk is brewed into dessert there as well. In the South Indian states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh Kharvas gets a sibling- Junnu. This Kharvas however, comes with a TWIST! This surprising twist of Junnu can be credited to the addition of a dash of black pepper in the dish. The addition of this spice awesomely balances the flavors of Junnu. This dish is prepared during the Sankranthi (this is a time of transition from one zodiac to another according to Hindu beliefs).
Variants of Junnu are also available, similar to flavored Kharvas- one with coconut powder, nuts and raisins, etc. Wow! What an innovation. In South India, variants of Junnu are prepared with different ingredients along with the common base of Bovine Colostrum and Sweetener along with the addition of normal milk and black pepper. It is really fascinating to observe the versatility of traditional Indian colostrum pudding in its preparation and consumption. This is a special treat often sourced during festivities when friends and families meet. Ginnu is another sibling to Kharvas and Junnu, consumed in Karnataka.
Preparation methods
The preparation of the first milk desserts is an art rooted in deep cultural heritage. It is a straightforward but unique method with minimal ingredients that are available naturally. The rich creamy, velvety end-product is a testament to the vibrant culinary heritage of the country. As the dish is slow-cooked, it signifies the love and care that the cook carries for their loved ones. Else who has so much patience in this era of ready-to-eat meals to wait for hours in the kitchen for a simple sweet?
The preparation of this dessert is a cherished memory of the generations. Let us see how it is prepared in a step-by-step method. I am simply sharing one of the most cherished techniques I learned watching my mother and grandmothers. So let us whip up some magic!
Ingredients for the Magic Potion
- Fresh Bovine Colostrum
- Jaggery or Sugar or any other sweetener (we use jaggery according to your taste)
- Cardamom or cardamom powder
- Nutmeg for garnishing
Let's mix it up!
- The sweetener and the Bovine colostrum milk are mixed until the sweetener dissolves completely in the fluid. (Protip- here it is recommended to check if the sweetness is according to your palate)
- The aromatic condiments- cardamom or nutmeg can be also added at this stage for added flavors.
- The steamer is prepared at this point – if a steamer is not available, water can be heated in a pan covered with a lid. This ensures the effective production of steam.
Cooking it up to Life!
- A dish (usually a round steel dabba) is greased with either oil or ghee (trust me ghee adds a tempting flavor to the dish).
- The mixture is then poured into this dish.
- This dish is then placed inside the prepared pan or steamer over a stand.
- In around 20-25 minutes Kharvas is ready! But it is suggested to check whether the mixture is properly cooked or not, so keep checking with a toothpick. Do not let the mixture become firm for that soft jiggly texture.
- At this stage switch off the gas and let the mixture cool. Once cooled, refrigerate it for a couple of hours.
- Garnishing with a pinch of nutmeg will enhance the eating experience. Trust me, now there is water in my mouth, and I can’t wait to have some of this slice of heaven at the earliest.
Now, this was all about Kharvas, for Junnu, instead of nutmeg, black pepper is used. The addition of black pepper gives an amazing twist to the Marathi Kharvas, thus converting it into the South Indian desert Junnu. To maintain the consistency of the sweet regular milk is added to the recipes. The addition of regular milk decreases the density of the sweet.
Tips for Sourcing Colostrum and Alternatives
With all the modernization and urbanization our traditional foods are gradually fading away. Who is to be blamed? Where to find fresh Cow Colostrum is the main question. Although we do not rear cows like in older times, fresh first milk can be procured from the dairy firms. But owing to the high demands, its availability is staggered. However, there are alternatives like Cow colostrum powder that are smartly sourced for our use. This powder can be mixed with full-fat milk for the preparation of these puddings. These alternatives are produced with all ethical considerations. It is commendable that fairness, quality and sustainability are given paramount importance in this process.
A Punch of Nutrition in the form of dessert
Indulging in a piece of Kharvas or Junnu is a burst of flavors that takes you on a tour of the traditional Indian culinary heritage. This Indian pudding not only prioritizes taste but considers health and wellness as well. It is laden with potent immunity boosters and is high in nutrition simultaneously.
- Superfood: First milk is regarded as superfoods, which cater to the promotion of overall health and well-being.
- Immunity booster: Being highly rich in proteins and immunoglobulins, it aids in the boosting of immunity and muscle building and repair.
- Gut health enhancer: Its ease in permeability into the intestine further attenuates gut health and promotion of acquired immunity.
In Indian households, foremilk from the cow is shared between the newborn calf and the family members, thus creating a bond between the humans and the domesticated animals. Its medicinal properties are traditionally celebrated among the people and are often regarded as “Prasad” from nature to humans. It is also used as an offering to God in many places. It is considered as a healer to the soul as well. It is believed to promote longevity and vitality in humans.
Modern-Day Relevance
We are all moving towards our past in this era. It is observed that people have given up non-vegetarianism and taken up various diets. This is a process we have taken up to rebuild our connection with nature and our ancestors. This slow cooked traditional dessert negates the popularity of sugar-laden desserts like cakes and chocolates. The introduction of Khavas and Junnu in the international cooking platforms has marked the resurgence of Traditional Indian desserts worldwide. The dish is endowed with an appeal that is ageless and is a perfect combo for taste and health, upholding the richness of Indian culinary heritage.
The various platforms like Master Chef, Culinary classes and the cooking channels on social media have introduced these traditional Indian recipes to the global audience. Chef Sanjeev Kapoor presented the recipe of Kharvas in his cooking show Khana Khazana. Culinary tourism is on the high enhancing authentic culinary experiences amongst the society. From chefs to home cooks, everyone is refurbishing traditional food items with fusion creations.
They are bridging the gap between traditional recipes and contemporary palettes with novel and interesting twists. The tastes of Indian tradition and culinary heritage are promoted globally with creative fusions. Kharvas caramel custard and Junnu cheesecake are such examples.
Frequently Asked Questions about Colostrum
What are the benefits of kharvas?
What are the health benefits of Junnu Sweet?
Junnu has a high content of protein, thus aiding in muscle building and supporting bone health. Packed with antibodies it strengthens the immune system. The minimal preservatives used in its preparation make it a healthy dessert.
What is the nutrition of kharvas?
The nutritional value of Kharvas is high. Typically 100 g of Kharvas contains around 127 calories:
- 12g protein
- 110 mg of calcium
- 15g carbohydrates
- 2.10 g fats
- Growth factors
- Antibodies
Is kharvas high in protein?
Yes, Kharvas is very rich in proteins. It is rich in lactoferrin, immunoglobulins and growth factors making it an excellent protein source.
Can I give kharvas to my baby?
Yes, Karvas can be given to babies in moderation. But, it has to be made sure that the baby is not allergic to bovine colostrum.
Final Thoughts
India is a country of diversity and richness, from nature to culture. The diversity is evident in its communities and the various food habits. Colostrum desserts are a perfect example of celebrating Traditional Indian Culinary heritage. They are guilty of offering immense health benefits along with binding us to our past. Honoring our ancestors and their recipes is the way through which we are nurturing our future and cherishing our past with each bite.
By embracing these traditional desserts, we not only celebrate the culinary heritage but also preserve it for future generations.